Playterian Therapy

INTRODUCTION

PLAY THERAPY
         allows the child to work off frustration and is a medium through w/c the therapist can analyze the child conflicts and ways of coping with them. children may feel less threatened and be more likely to express their true feelings in the context of play.

GOAL OF THE THERAPY
        If helps the client increases affiliation with peers, releases tension, advances cognitive development, increase exploration, and provides a safe haven in which to engage in potentially that children will converse and interact with each other.during this interaction children practice the rules they will assume later in life.

FUNCTION OF THE THERAPIST
       The therapist aimed for facilitate the maximal improvement in the child's adjustment with a given set of circumstances.

DEVELOPMENT MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
       If they cannot express their feelings to others. the tendency is..... the client become aggressive. they tend to hurt other people. because through play it can motivate the child to express his problems that's why play is important especially for the child to development.

" my case study"

A. PERSONAL DATA
    The client is "Quinnie robles Calma" she is 6 years old pretty little girl. she was born at quezon city on September 15 2004. she is a filipino citizen her mother is "Elizabeth Robles Calma" while her father ios Joselito Sinel Calma" the Calma family lived at ph8a pkg7blk107 Excess lot bagong silang caloocan city. the client is the youngest among the siblings. she is the 4th child among the siblings.her sister is Rhazelle Robles Calma and Febbie Robles Calma and her brother is Joshua Robles Calma. she is studying at Saint John Academy her time of schooling is from 7am-9am in the morning every monday to friday. and her teacher is jenny Masigan.

B.JOINING PROCESS
    The Calma Family is our neighbor. The client mother is one of my mother's friend and also her daughter "Rhazelle" is my friend. I start to build our friendly relationship when our case study began.Quinnie is very quiet girl. When I first saw her she did not look at me and when I talk to her she did not answer my question so that, it is hard for me to ask her a question. as the time goes by, Quinnie and I became friends she always respond to my question.


C.PRESENTING PROBLEM
       Quinnie is a very quiet girl specially inside the classroom. she did not talk to much. when we first met she did not look at me and she ignored my questions. According to her mother Quinnie is very intelligent girl among her classmates she got the highest score in NATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT TEST she always do her assignment at home after the class
At home, she always follow the command of her sister and her brother but sometimes she annoyed by her brother. but at there home she is friendly with her playmates.

SELF MASTERY

          The client says that she is a very good student. She do lots of reviews for the test in her school to pass it. She also said that she is active in school activities and participate most of the time in class discussion. She obeys all the demand of her parents, by that she describe herself as a obedient daughter even though her older siblings tease her.

D.5 PERSONALITY DYNAMICS FOR RELATIONSHIP.
        The client says that she is more close to her eldest sister but always fighting with his brother. She also declared that she wants to be with her mother than with his father.

         In school, the client can't tell anything in her relationship to her classmates. She only wants to be alone and read alone. She is active inside the class but never talk to her classmates even once.

D.6 PERSONALITY DYNAMICS FOR ACTION:
         The client always want to play to her playmates.She always wanted to play the toy car of her brother "Joshua" that's why her brother got angry with her. she always eat. "STICK O" in the morning , watching her Favorite cartoons "Ben ten" and hiding a bicycle and skateboard. sometimes she draw and color her coloring Books.

E. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Shyness is something that all people experience at one time or another. In most cases it is a normal, temporary behavior. In children, some shyness is normal, especially when they are around 5-6 months of age, and then again at about two years of age. Shyness at these ages is considered a normal part of development.

Shyness becomes a problem in a child when it interferes with relationships with other people, with social situations, school, and/or other important aspects of a child's life. Problems with shyness are usually evident by the time a child reaches three years of age.

Shyness, which can be defined as a fear of, or withdrawal from, other people or social situations, can have many different causes depending on the individual child and the specific circumstances.

Whatever the causes of shyness in a child, it is a behavior that parents must not ignore. Shyness can be very painful for a child to live with, and it can have negative effects on other aspects of a child's life. These negative effects can follow a child into adulthood, too. For example, many shy children develop low self esteem and lack self confidence. This can make it very difficult for shy children to make friends. Also, many shy children are so quiet that they don't receive the help they need from teachers at school, which may result in school performance that is not as good as it could be.

Fortunately, shyness is often not a difficult problem to correct. Its solution does, however, take a strong commitment from parents.

As mentioned earlier, shyness can have many different causes. There may be a specific cause for shyness in some children, while in others shyness may occur for a number of different reasons. Here are some of the reasons why children become shy:

*Difficulty with frequent exposure to new situations. 

Children, of course, don't have the life experience that adults do. For this reason, children are frequently exposed to new situations. Some children have trouble coping with new situations, and tend to withdraw as a result.

*Heredity. 

Some research has shown that shyness runs in families. It has not been determined if shyness that runs in families is genetic in cause, or if it is due to learning.

*Inconsistent parenting. 

Some shyness may be caused by parenting practices that are not consistent, for example, punishing for a specific behavior one day, and then letting it slide by the next, being over involved with a child some of the time, and uninvolved at other times. Inconsistency makes children feel insecure, which can lead to shyness.

*Too much threatening, teasing, or criticism. 

Children who are frequently threatened, teased or criticized, either by family members or by other people may learn to expect only negative feedback from others. This expectation will lead to the avoidance of social situations and contact with other people.

*Lack of parental involvement.

  Some parents may seem disinterested in their children's lives for a number of reasons. For example, parents may mistakenly believe that they will promote independence in their children if they let their children fend for themselves. Others simply may not have the time or the desire to be very involved in their children's lives. Whatever the reason, decreased parental involvement can lead children to believe that they are not worthy of others' attention. This will in turn affect social relationships. Children who do not believe that other people are interested in them will probably feel very uncomfortable in social situations.

*Lack of experience in social situations. 

Children may become shy because they have not yet learned how to effectively take part in social situations. Thus, when exposed to social situations, these frightened children may withdraw.

*Low self-esteem or negative opinion of oneself. 

Children who have low opinions of themselves expect other people to feel the same way, too. This belief can lead to shy behavior.

*Overprotective parents. 

Children who are overprotected by their parents often don't have the opportunity to be independent socially. Because of this, these children often lack the confidence needed to make decisions for themselves. Such children are often insecure, which can then cause shyness.

*Modeling or learned behavior. 

Because children learn from watching their parents, parents who are shy often have children who are shy. Shy adults may have few friends or social interests, thus their children have difficulty learning how to make friends and how to behave socially.

*Shy temperament. 

Some children seem shy almost from birth. Sometimes these shy babies grow into being shy children. 

BEHAVIOR Always wanted to Play with her Playmates.	THEORIES CONCEPT AND PRINCIPLES John Dewey Believed that children learn best through play. -Playterian Theraphy	DESCRIPTION The child engages in “Social Play “it involves around social interaction with peers. This play helps the child to learn to interact with others. -allows the child to work of frustrations and is a medium through which the therapist can analyze the child conflicts and ways of coping with them to it.  Children may feel less threatened and be more likely to express their true feelings in the context of play
Reading her favorite Stories.	(John Dewey) Early childhood learning is child centered is build around the interest of the child.	The child gets interested in the story especially when they relate them selves to the characters.
Can dance gracefully	Multiple intelligences (Howard Gardner) Bodily kinesthetic intelligence	The child use her body, hands and feet to express herself to the music.
Can Read and write Role confusion Afraid of punishment Shyness	Linguistic intelligence Psychosocial Development theory (Eric Erickson) Theory of development of moral judgement (Lawrence Kohlberg) Psychological theories of Shyness Kagan and Snidman(1991) proposed a theory of shyness that blamed it on an overactive Amygdala	The child are good and writing and reading the enjoy to read and write. -Experiences a united sense of self. -Young children struggle with what their roles in life are to be, what society expects of them and what they expect of them. - when children respond only to the immediate action. - when children obeys rules and authority to avoid punishment or unpleasant physical consequences. it is a universal experience, affecting everybody to a greater or lesser content it helps to avoid conflict or intimidation to other people - a child with an overactive  amygdala might be more likely to develop learned behaviors, resulting in a shy child.

F. PROGNOSIS:

 As the observation is on, the observant describe as a very quiet one. The client talk only for a few in answering the questions. She seems not interesting in interacting to the observer because the client did not use any effort to answer the questions. The observer try to use many strategies to make the child feel comfortable in dealing with the observer and to make the interaction interesting to the child .. The client is very smart and active in doing activities. The problem is on the communication skill of the child. She is not to expressive in interacting
 to other people..

G-1  At the end of the case study the client must be able to able to build knowledge about:

·                                    -     Encourage the client to overcome her shyness

·                                    -     Building her self confidence in interacting with other people.

·                                       --Reduce her shyness in front of many people

G-2  At the end of the case study the client must build skills:

·                                         -  Social skills

·                                        -   communication skills

·                                         -  Reading skills

G-3 At the end of the case study the client must build values about:

·                                           -  Respect for the adults

·                                             - Spirituality

·                                            -Responsibility for her study

OBJECTIVES	ACTIVITIES	SCHEDULE
G-1 -Encourage the client to overcome her shyness	Musical  activities (singing  rhymes)	4pm-4:30pm               (Thursday)
-Building her self confidence in interacting with other people	Story telling (puppetry)	3pm-4pm                (Thursday)
-Reduce her shyness in front of many people	Role playing	3pm-4pm                (Saturday)
G-2 -Social skills	Make believe play	4pm-6pm                  (Sunday)
-Communication skills	Retelling stories	8am-8:30                (Monday)
-Reading skills	Reciting poems	2pm-2:30pm               (Tuesday)
G-3 -Respect	Using  po at opo when talking to adults.	9am                (Monday)
-Spirituality	Going to church every Sunday	7am-8am                (Sunday)
-Responsibility	Doing her assignments after class	1pm-2;30            (Wednesday)

I.                    THERAPEUTIC PROCESS

ACTIVITIES	SCHEDULE	PROGRESS EVALUATION
-musical activities	4pm-4:30pm (Thursday)	This activity help the client to overcome her shyness in many people The client improved in expressing her feelings and ideas through music.
-story telling	3pm-4m(Thursday)	The client develop skill in speaking fluently Improved her listening skills Improved her creativity or able to create her own story
-role playing	-3pm-4pm(Thursday)	The client help to build her self-confident The client improved her social skill toward her playmates and enjoy playing
-make believe play	4-6pm(Sunday)	The client improved her  social skills and improved her imagination
-retelling stories	8am-8:30am(Monday)	The client improved her communication skills through expressing her ideas with sharing her experiences.
-reciting poems	2pm-2:30(Tuesday)	The client improved her language skills, Improved her pronunciations in reading poems
-using po and opo	9am(Monday)	Increased her moral values
-goingto church	7am-8am	The client improved her listening skills through listening to the mass.
-doing her assignment	1pm-2:30pm(Wednesday)	Improved her self discipline in doing her assignments.

J.   THERAPEUTIC PROCESS

    My therapeutic plans are achieved by my client through activities the client child help to build her self confidence in interacting with other people the client child learn how to express her feelings and ides toward other people by sharing her experiences by saying po at opo to the adults and build her own  knowledge through imagination. the client learn how to reduce her shyness in expressing herself through  others. Her social skills develop in playing with her playmates not only her social skills but also her communicaton skills listening skills and language skills, listening that wil help for the development of the child. The client child learn how to deal with others that’s why her shyness become less.

K.SUMMARY

    The first thing I do is visiting the client child at there house and ask permission that her child will be my client in my case study and after gathering information about  the personal data  of the child and also the common problems encountered in home and school.   I discovered that the girl is very shy of any visitor that come into there house. After gathering information about the child,the psychosocial history of her family.and her relationship with her family,friends and teachers.and after that, I’ve prepared some activities that will help the child to overcome her shyness towards other people.

CONCLUSION:
I conclude that my client child has already improved when my case study end. And I think those activities it will help the child to release her shyness.

RECOMMENDATION:

I recommend to the family of the client child to exposed the child in different programs that will help her to overcome her shyness. I want my client to build her self confidence because she is very intelligent child that will help her to be successful in her life.

L.IMPLICATION TO CHILD AND ASSESSMENT OF YOUNG CHILDREN:

     I realized that there are some child cannot express their feelings and  ideas towards other people. Because of their shyness. I think they are afraid of rejection so that they did not want to socialized with other people who do not familiar for them. By using different activities the client learn how to express to other people and through interacting and socializing the child build her self confidence. And I hope this client child will become a better person.

LEARNING QUESTIONS:

GROUP 1:

1. Why is it, what the temperature of the learning environment affects learning of the child?

2. Why is it that the theory suggest that the environmental, emotional,sociological,physical and psychological Stimuli affect the learners success in learning?

3. As teacher, why do we need to know about the development of the child? in terms of their            physical,social,emotional,physical,spiritual,mental?

4. Why do you think that the first 3 years of the child becomes critical in early childhood development?

5. Why is it that the authentic assessment strategies help the teachers identify children approach?

GROUP 2:

1. How does the early childhood educator plays an important role in early identification and assessment of young children?

2. in Early childhood development why we call the child meaning makers?

3. Why is it that the authentic assessment address not only progress in cognitive goals but also in emotional and social development ?

4. How does the child construct their own knowledge while interacting with adults?

5. Why do we need to use a valid assessment or the standardized test in assessing the early childhood development?

GROUP 3:

1. Why do we need to choose the assessment that use in a variety of methods and sources?

2. Why do you think that all learning has its foundations in early childhood?

3. Why is it that the products and process are very important in acquisition of knowledge?

4. Whats the difference between the prior knowledge and new knowledge that can influence the individuals perception?

5. Why is it that teaching is very important for the development of the child?